POST CONFLICT KEKERASAN TERHADAP PEREMPUAN DAN PERDAMAIAN ACEH
Sari
ABSTRAK
History long armed conflict, Acehnese women who became victims of human rights violations continue to suffer from their inability to seek justice and protection in the peace-time, the grass-root people are largely ignored. The post-tsunami development provided peace in Aceh, perhaps the first time in its history. Aceh has become the most politically dynamic space in Indonesia as a result of new political landscapes engendered by MoU Helsinki. The post-conflict peace-building in Aceh has been widely welcomed by the international community which concerns about Indonesia’s political stability. However, from the perspective of war victims, the ongoing programs of reconciliation and rehabilitation do not contain important initiatives for gender equality. Therefore, many women in Aceh are likely to be excluded from the reconstruction of the society. In fact, the number of women who participate in formal peace process remains very small in Aceh.
Keyword : Perempuan, Koflik dan Perdamian.
Pendahuluan
Konflik bersenjata, kekerasan politik dan kerusuhan sipil dengan kejadian kekerasan yang telah menjatuhkan ratusan ribu warga sipil pada masa konflik. Peristiwa konflik telah terjadi di seluruh wilayah Asia Pasifik selama tahun terakhir seperti di Aceh, Indonesia, Burma, India, Nepal, Timor Leste, Pakistan, Afghanistan, Irak, Sri Lanka, dan Thailand Selatan. Konflik bersenjata adalah fenomena gender. Militer dan polisi adalah institusi patriarkal, yang mereproduksi dan memanipulasi tradisi maskulinitas dan feminitas. Konstruksi maskulinitas berhubungan dengan kekuatan, kecakapan, kekuatan, kekuasaan dan penaklukan, semua yang menentukan perang dan konflik. Konflik bersenjata dan perang berfungsi untuk memperkuat, mengulangi dan mereproduksi konstruksi ini dengan menciptakan sebuah forum di mana orang-orang dapat menggunakan nominasi mereka.
Selama pemerintahan Soeharto, pelanggaran terhadap penduduk sipil di Aceh. Militer Indonesia dan GAM separatis (Gerakan Aceh Merdeka) menggunakan kekerasan untuk mengintimidasi warga sipil termasuk perempuan. Itu sangat intensif dari tahun 1989 sampai tahun 1998, selama DOM (Daerah Operasi Militer). Pada tahun 2002, Komisi Nasional merilis kompilasi laporan dari LSM (Lembaga Swadaya Masyarakat) lokal mendokumentasikan tindak kekerasan terhadap perempuan dalam berbagai situasi konflik di Aceh selama periode DOM.Teks Lengkap:
PDFReferensi
Daftar Pustaka
United Nation Population Fund (UNFA), Gender-Based Violence in Aceh, Indonesia: Women, Peace and Security Initiative Technical Support Division, May 2005.
Chhya Jha. Hurdec Nepal and Tracy Veiening, Peace and Conflict Impact Assessment Summary. Canadian Development Agency, CSVR. 2004.
Sami Lahdensuo, “Building Peace in Aceh,” Observation on the work of the Aceh Monitoring Mission (AMM) and its liaison with local civil society, 2004.
Amnesty International, Indonesia: The impact of impunity on women in Aceh, AI Index: ASA 21/60/00, November 2000.
Miyako Tjujimura, “International Perspective on Gender Equality & Social Diversity,” Gender Law & Policy Center, Tohoku University, 2008.
UNFPA, Gender-Base Violence in Aceh, Indonesia: A Case Study, Women, Peace and Security Initiative Technical Support Division, 2005.
UNDP. Access to Justice in Aceh: Making the Transition to Sustainable Peace and Development in Aceh, 2006.
International Center for Transitional Justice, “Considering Victim: The Aceh Peace Process for a Transitional Justice Perspective,” January 2008.
United Nation Security Council Resolution 1820 (2008).
Inge Viane. Women, Gender and Work in Nanggroe Aceh Darussalam Province, Gender Specialist for ILO Tsunami Respond Programme in Banda Aceh. ILO (International Labor Organization), July 2006.
Abhound Sayed M. Lingga. The Aceh Peace Process and Lesson for Midanao, Autonomy and Peace Monograph. Institute for Autonomy and Governance, October 15, 2007.
UNDP Indonesia. Civil Society in Aceh: An Assessment of Need to Built Capacity to Support Community Recovery, July 2005.
Christine Susanna Tjhin. Post Tsunami Reconstruction and Peace building In Aceh: Political Impact and Potential Risks, CSIS Jakarta, October 2005.
Refbacks
- Saat ini tidak ada refbacks.