IMPLIKASI EFISIENSI BIAYA PRODUKSI TERHADAP PERMINTAAN TENAGA KERJA DI INDUSTRI MANUFAKTUR PRODUK MAKANAN, MINUMAN DAN TEMBAKAU MALAYSIA

Sri Wahyuni, Hakim Muttaqim

Sari


Penelitian ini menganalisis permintaan tenaga kerja melalui efisiensi biaya produksi. Dengan menggunakan data panel di industri manufaktur produk makanan, minuman dan tembakau Malaysia selama periode 2002-2015 yang terdiri dari enam sub industri. Kedua alat analisis diperoleh melalui pendekatan fungsi produksi constant elasticity of substitution (CES) yaitu melakukan indirect function untuk mendapatkan fungsi biaya produksi dan melakukan derivasi untuk mendapatkan fungsi permintaan tenaga kerja. Model Fixed Effect adalah model yang terpilih setelah melalui uji Hauman. Hasil dari kedua analisis ini menemukan bahwa upah tenaga kerja berkeahlian sedang dan harga modal phisik memiliki hubungan positif secara signifikan dengan biaya produksi. Besar kecilnya permintaan tenaga kerja berkeahlian sedang sangat tergantung dari efisiensi biaya produksi melalui upah. Industri manufaktur produk makanan, minuman dan tembakau Malaysia sangat banyak membutuhkan tenaga kerja berkeahlian sedang dibandingkan dengan tenaga kerja berkeahlian tinggi dan rendah.

 

Keywords:   Efisiensi Total Biaya Produksi, Permintaan Tenaga Kerja, Modal Fisik, Upah, Harga Modal Phisik

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Referensi


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